A REVIEW ON ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PATIENT BEFORE AND AFTER PATIENT EDUCATION IN HOSPITALISED PNEUMONIA PATIENTS

Sandra S. S.*, Dr. Nithin Manohar R., Shinju Somaraj, Alfiya Sudheer F., Chandini Nair, Reeba Roy, Dr. Prasobh G. R.

Pneumonia remains a major global health challenge, particularly in developing countries like India, where it contributes significantly to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. Hospitalized pneumonia patients often experience compromised clinical outcomes due to factors such as advanced age, comorbidities, delayed treatment, and irrational antibiotic use. In addition to clinical severity, pneumonia has a profound impact on patient’s quality of life (QoL), affecting physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. The World Health Organization recommends the use of standardized tools such as WHOQOL-BREF for assessing QoL and Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) questionnaires for evaluating patient awareness and behavior. Evidence suggests that inadequate patient knowledge regarding disease condition, medication adherence, and preventive strategies contributes to poor clinical outcomes and increased complications. Patient education, particularly pharmacist-led interventions, plays a crucial role in improving treatment adherence, promoting rational antibiotic use, and enhancing overall patient outcomes. Studies have demonstrated that structured educational interventions significantly improve both QoL and KAP scores in hospitalized pneumonia patients. However, integrated studies assessing both QoL and KAP using WHO-based tools before and after patient education remain limited in Indian settings. This review highlights the importance of patient education as an effective, low-cost intervention to improve clinical outcomes, QoL, and patient awareness in pneumonia management. It also emphasizes the need for comprehensive research integrating QoL and KAP assessment to optimize patient-centered care.